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Team Losi
A team comprises any group of people or animals linked in a common purpose. A group in itself does not necessarily constitute a team. There are however many components that make up a team like manager and agents. more...
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Thus teams of sports players can form (and re-form) to practice their craft. Transport logistics executives can select teams of horses, dogs or oxen for the purpose of conveying goods.
Theorists in business in the late 20th century popularized the concept of constructing teams. Differing opinions exist on the efficacy of this new management fad. Some see "team" as a four-letter word: overused and under-useful. Others see it as a panacea that finally realizes the human relations movement's desire to integrate what that movement perceives as best for workers and as best for managers. Still others believe in the effectiveness of teams, but also see them as dangerous because of the potential for exploiting workers — in that team effectiveness can rely on peer pressure and peer surveillance. Teams are especially appropriate for conducting tasks that are high in complexity and have many interdependent subtasks.
Compare the more structured/skilled concept of a crew, and the advantages of formal and informal partnerships.
Large teams can sub-divide into sub-teams according to need.
Many teams go through a life-cycle of stages, identified by Bruce Tuckman as: forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning.
Types of Teams
Of particular importance is the concept of different types of teams. A bright line is usually drawn between "independent" and "interdependent" teams. To continue the sports team example, a football team is clearly an interdependent team: no significant task can be accomplished without the help of essentially all team members, team members typically specialize in different tasks(carrying the ball, kicking the ball, blocking opposing players), and the success of every individual is inextricably bound to the success of the whole team. No quarterback, no matter how talented, has ever won a season by playing alone.
On the other hand, a tennis team is a classic example of an independent team: matches are played and won by individuals or partners, every person performs basically the same actions, and whether one player wins or loses has no direct effect on the performance of the next player. If all team members each perform the same basic tasks, such as students working problems in a math class, or outside sales employees making phone calls, then it is likely an independent team. They may be able to help each other — perhaps by offering advice or practice time, by providing moral support, or by helping in the background during a busy time — but each individual's success is primarily due to each individual's own efforts. Tennis players do not win their own matches merely because the rest of their teammates did, and math students do not pass tests merely because their neighbors know how to solve the equations.
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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