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Lima
Lima, capital of Lima Province, is both the capital and largest city in Peru. It is the cultural and economic hub of the country. Lima occupies the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers. more...
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It lies on a desertic coast overlooking the Bay of Lima in the Pacific Ocean where its port was built and named Callao.
Founded by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535, Lima is known as the City of Kings. It became the most important city in the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru, an administrative area encompassing most of Spain's possessions in South America during the colonial era (mid 1500s to early 1800s). For more than three centuries, Lima was the greatest metropolis in South America. Today nearly one-third of the nation's population lives in this one metropolitan area.
Demographics
The Lima Metropolis ranks among Latin America's largest and densest urban concentrations, with estimated populations (as of 2005) of 6.9 million for the urban area, 7.4 million for the entire province, and 8.2 million for the metropolitan area. The population of Lima features a very complex mix of racial and ethnic groups. Traditionally, Mestizos, Peruvians of mixed Spanish and Amerindian descent, have been the largest contingent, making up much of the middle class. However, political and economic instability of Peru during the latter half of the twentieth century created unprecedented poverty and violence in the towns of the countryside Andean or highlands, forcing hundreds of thousands of peasants of full-blooded Amerindian descendants to migrate to Lima, thus greatly augmenting Lima's population. Unlike other ethnic groups that live in Lima and only speak Spanish, most of the peasant population that migrated to Lima speak primarily Quechua or Aymara before Spanish, rather than Spanish. While a number of Amerindians eventually attain middle class status, others still live in shantytowns, locally known as pueblos jóvenes (young towns). These areas often lack such basic services as electricity and running water. It is expected, that over the next ten years, the population of these shantytowns will diminsh to 8% of the population of Lima. Europeans, the economically dominant segment of the population, are mostly of Spanish descent, but there are significant numbers of Italians, Germans and others. Afro-Peruvians, initially brought to the region as slaves, are yet another important part of the city's ethnic quilt.
The racial demographics for the city of Lima are:
65% Mestizo (mixed European and Ameridian ancestry);
30% White
65% Spanish;
35% Italian, German, or other European ancestry;
;
25% Amerindian
85% Quechua;
15% Aymara;
;
2% Black;
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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